Gear-cutting machine.



Patented Ian. I, mm] H. BILGRAM. I GEAR cunms nAcmm-z.

(Application filed June 23, 1900.)

m m w m Mum y N (No Model.)

No. 665,054. Patented Jan. '1, HM. H.- BILGRAM.

GEAR CUTTING MACHINE.

:Applicatiou filed June 28, 1900) (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

m: mums PETERS cu. "mommawAsutnz-non. n. c.

No. 665,054. Patented Jan. I, I90l.

H. BILGRAM.

GEAR CUTTING MACHINE (Application filed June 23, 1900.)

5 Sheets-Shoot 4.

(No Model.)

INVENTOR- Patented Jan. I, I90l;

H. BJLGRAM. GEAR CUTTING IACHINE'.

(Appliufion fllad Jun. 23, 1900.

(lo Modal.)

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-WITNE.-SISIE-S- 6 mi :nonms PETERS co Pumo-umo. wAsnmnwu. o. c,

N-ITED STATES ENJLQA AQ L 4 HUGO BILGRAM, on PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

GEAR-CUTTlNG MACHINE.

SFEGIFIGATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 665,054. dated January 1, 190 1.

' Application filed June 23, 1900. Serial No. 21,331. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, HUGO BiLGRAM, of the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machines for Cutting the Teeth of Geared Wheels, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to automatically space the wheel which is being cut, the device being especially adapted to machines in which the spacing-head is not stationary. To accomplish this object, the blank which is being cut is rotated through the space of one tooth after every out of the intermittently-operated cutting-tool. The spacing mechanism is attached to the spacing-head, which is connected with the stationary part of the machine by means of a flexible powertransmitting connection.

The drawings show the application of the invention to a machine for cutting beVel gears, shown and described in my PatentNo. 294,844, dated March 11, 1884.

Figure 1 is a front elevation, partly in section, of my machine for cutting the teeth of gear-wheels. Fig. 2 is a plan, partly in section, with the blank-arbor and spacing-head removed, the position of the blank and of the blank-arbor bearing being indicated by dotted lines. Fig. 3 is a section through the blank-arbor bearing'and the spacing-head on the broken line A A of Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a section through the spacing-head on line B B of Fig. 3. Fig.5 is a like section showing the working parts inadifferent position. Fig. 6 is the top View of the spacing-head corresponding to the sections shown in Figs. 4 and 5. Fig. 7 is a portion of the front elevation illustrating the action of the tool-lifter. Fig.-

8 is a plan of the same portion. end view of the arbor-flange 11.

To the body a of the machine is secured the bearing 1) of the arbor c, which carries the driving-pulley d and the adjustable crank 6. By means of the connecting-rod f this crank is connected with the ram g, which carries the apron h, to which the tool 2' is secured. As the pulley d rotates, the ram g, and with it the tool 2', receives the reciprocating movement requisite to do the cutting. During the return stroke the tool is raised sufliciently to Fig. 9 is the clear the teeth of the blank which is being cut, so as to allow the said blank to be rotated,

preferably through the space of one tooth.

This may be accomplished as follows: To the pulley d is secured the cam j, through which A the lever 70 receives an oscillatory movement.

The front end of this lever when in its depressed position, as shown in Fig. 7, comes in contact with the roller Z, carried by the lever 'm, which is'attached to the apron h. By the action of this lever the tool is alternately raised and lowered, as shown in Figs. 1 and 7, the camj being so timed that the tool will be raised during the return stroke and in its normal cutting position during its forward stroke.

The blank n is clamped to the arbor 0, the bearing 1) of which is held in an inclined position on the plate g, which is provided with semi-annular ridges, by means of which it is. held to the body of the machine, so that it can be oscillated on an approximately vertical axis.

To the upper end of the arbor 0 is rotatably connected the housing 1" of the spacing-head, to which is attached the cone 5, the surface of which is a production of the pitch cone of the blank n. By means of two steel bandst t, each of which has one end attached to the cone 3 and the other to the body of the machine in such a way that one band prevents the rotation of the said cone in one direction, the other in the other direction, the said cone is held so that when the grooved plate q is oscillated it will assume a motion as of acone rolling on a plane without slip. If the housing 1-, of which the saidcone s is a part, were coupled to the blank-arbor 0, this rolling motion would be transmitted to the blank 'rt, thereby imparting to it that motion which is necessary to cause the tool to generate the proper tooth curve.

As a matter of fact, the housing r is only intermittently coupled to the arbor 0 namely, during the forward stroke of the tool. During the return stroke of the tool the blankarbor is rotated in relation to the housing r through the distance, preferably, of one tooth of the blank n. This intermittent rotation is accomplished as follows: The driving-pulley dcarries the gear-wheel a, which engages with the pinion '12. end of the flexible shaft w, to the other end'of This pinion is coupled to one which is secured the Worm x, engaging with the worm-wheel y, whichis shown in Figs. 4: and 5 in full and in Fig. 3 in dotted lines. The ratio of gearing is such that the flexible shaft will attain a comparatively high speed and that the worm-wheel y will make one-half of a revolution for every full revolution of the (l living-pulley d. The face of the'worm-wheel is provided with two rollers z and 2, which engage with two grooves 3 and 4, planed at rightangles into the face of the wheel 5. When the \vor111-\vl1eelyis in position,(shown in Fig. 4,) the roller 2 enters the groove 3 and imparts to the wheel 5 a rotary movement of an acccleratingnature. Aftertheworm-wheelhas completed one-eighth of a rotation, assuming the position shown in Fig. 5, it will have impart-ed to the wheel 5 one-eighth of a revolution, and the rate of motion of the Wheel 5 will have reached its maximum. As the wormwheel y completes another one-eighth of a revolution, the movement imparted to the wheel 5 will be of a retarding nature, and the groove 3 of the wheel 5 will arrive at the position which the groove 4 assumes in Fig. 4:, the roller 2 leaving the groove. During the next quarter-turn of the worm-wheel y the wheel 5 will remain stationary until the first semirevolution of the worm-wheel has been completed and the rollers z and 2 have exchanged their positions. The roller 2 will then enter the groove 4, which will then be in the position occupied by the roller e and the groove 3 of Fig. 4, and the process described will be repeated. In this way an intermittent motion is imparted to the wheel 5, which is so timed that a one-quarter rotation occurs during the return stroke of the tool, while the wheel remains at rest during the forward stroke. The wheel 5 is secured to the arbor 6, to which is clamped the change-wheel 7. This is geared through the idler 8 to the change-wheel 9, which is clamped to the arbor 10. This arbor carries a flange 11, provided with slots. (Shown in Fig. 9.) By means of the bolts 12, which pass through the said slots, the spacingpinion 13 is adjustably secured to the arbor 10. This pinion engages with the master-wheel 14, which is secured to the blank'arbor 0. The train of gears just described connects the grooved wheel 5 with the blank-arbor 0. The change-gears are so selected that for each quarter-revolution of the wheel 5 the blank n is rotated through the space of one tooth.

For holding the blank firmly during the forward stroke of the tool an anchor is provided, as follows: To the arbor 15 of the worm-wheely is secured cam 16, Fig. 6, which engages with the cam-rollerl7 of the anchorlever 18, the spring 19 holding the roller in contact with the cam. The lever 18 carries the anchor-toe 20, engaging with the notched anchor-wheel 21, which is clamped to the pinion-arbor 10. The cam 16 is so timed that the wheel 21 will be anchored during the forward stroke of the tool and released during the return stroke.

The feeding is accomplished in the follow-.

ing manner: The pulley-arborc carries the belt-pulley 22, Figs. 1 and 2, which is connected by belt 23 with the belt-pulley 24. This pulley is secured to the shaft 25, the end of which carries the worm 26, which engages with teeth cut into the rim of the plate g, by means of which the requisite rolling motion is transmitted to the blank.

The operation of the machine may be described as follows: When the pulley cl is put in motion, a reciprocating cutting movement is transmitted to the tool 'L', as hereinbefore described. During its return stroke the tool is raised to clear the teeth of the blank which is being cut, as described. Before starting the machine the blank is rolled so far to one side that the tool will make only a light cut into the circumference of the blank. By the spacing mechanism described the blank is rotated during each return stroke of the tool through the distance of one tooth, so that the tool at each consecutive stroke will make a cut into that part of the blank into which the next adjoining tooth is to be out. At the same time the feeding movement progresses slowly, so that each following cut will be slightly deeper than the one preceding and that after the blank has made one revolution and the tool has plowed the first cut into each space of the blank the tool will make a second cut into the first space somewhat deeper than the first cut. This process will continue until the rolling motion of the blank has proceeded so far that the tool ceases to cut.

In order to obtain the convergent space peculiar to bevel-gearing, both the tool and the blank are readjusted for a second operation similar to that described, the first operation having correctly generated only one side of each tooth-space of the blank. The readj ustment of the tool may be accomplished by a reclamping, while the readjustment of the blank may be efiected by loosening the bolts 12, slightly turning the pinion 13 on its arbor 10, and reclamping the bolts.

The described machine presents only one modification of my invention and may be varied in details without departing from its spirit. It may be as well applied to machines for cutting spur and spiral wheels.

I claim as new- 1. In a machine for cutting gear-wheels, in combination, a tool adapted to cut intermittently; an arbor adapted to hold the blank to be cut, and provided with a spacing device; said spacing device; a flexible connection adapted to transmit motion from the drivingpulley to said spacing device; means for converting the uniform rotary motion so transmitted into intermittent rotary motion of a period coinciding with the period of the intermittently-cutting tool; means for transmitting said intermittent motion to said blank-arbor; an anchor adapted to lock the said blank-arbor in position during the intervals between its intermittent movements;

IIO

team

, and a feeding mechanism controlling the relav tive position of the tool and the blank to be out.

2. In a machine for cutting gear-wheels, in combination, a tool; means for imparting to the said tool a reciprocating cutting movement; means for lifting the tool during its return stroke, clear of the teeth of the wheel being cut; an arbor adapted to hold the blank to be cut, and provided with a spacing device; said spacing device; a flexible connection adapted to transmit motion from the driving-pulley to said spacing device; means for converting the uniform rotary motion so transmitted into an intermittent rotary motion of a period coinciding with the period of the reciprocating tool; means for transmitting this intermittent motion to said blankarbor; an anchor adapted to lock said blankarbor in position during the intervals between the said intermittent movements; anda feeding mechanism controlling the relative position of the tool and the blank to be cut.

3. In a machine for cutting gear-wheels, in combination, a tool adapted to cut intermittently; a blank-arbor adapted to hold the blank to be cut; a wheel, carrying on its face two rollers; said rollers; means forimparting to said wheel a rotary motion so timed that the wheel will make one-half revolution for every complete stroke of the tool; a wheel, provided on its face with two grooves, so located as to engagewith the aforesaid rollers for the purpose of deriving an intermittent movement from the continuous movement;

means for transmitting said intermittent movement to said blank-arbor; an anchor adapted to lock said blank-arbor in position during the intervals between said intermittent movements; and a feeding mechanism controlling the relative position of the tool and the blank to be cut.

4. In a machine for cutting gear-wheels, in combination, a tool; means for imparting to the said tool a reciprocating cutting movement; means for lifting the said tool during its return stroke clear of the teeth of the blank in process of cutting; a blank-arbor adapted to hold the blank to be cut; a wheel, carrying on its face two rollers; a flexible connection adapted to transmit motion from the driving-pulley to the said wheel so timed that the wheel will make one-half revolution for every complete stroke of the tool; a wheel, provided on its face with two grooves, so located as to engage with the aforesaid rollers for the purpose of deriving an intermittent movement from the continuous movement; means for transmitting said intermittent movement to said blank-arbor; an anchor adapted to lock said blank-arbor in position during the intervals between said intermittent movements; and a feeding mechanism controlling the relative position of the tool and the blank to be cut.

I HUGO BILGRAM.

Witnesses:

ISAAC THOMPSON, JOHN ROLLIN PARKER. 

